Cadres de pensée structurés

Cadres d'analyse structurés pour une réflexion approfondie. Utiles pour l'analyse, la prise de décision, les premiers principes et l'amélioration continue kaizen/PDCA.

Spar Skills Guide Bot
ProductiviteIntermédiaire
0025/07/2026
Claude CodeCursorWindsurfCopilotCodex
#thinking-frameworks#first-principles#kaizen#pdca#decision-making

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name: thinking-frameworks description: Structured thinking frameworks for deep analysis. Use when user asks to "проанализируй", "фреймворк", "think deeper", "first principles", or needs structured decision-making. Also covers kaizen / кайдзен / PDCA / continuous improvement — оптимизация процессов, устранение waste (muda), Gemba, A3 Report (режим 7, ex-skill kaizen → references/kaizen.md).

Thinking Frameworks

Apply structured analytical frameworks to any problem. Pick the most relevant framework(s) or let the user choose.

Available Frameworks

1. First Principles Thinking

Break down to fundamental truths, then rebuild.

1. IDENTIFY the problem/assumption
2. BREAK DOWN to basic truths (what do we KNOW for certain?)
3. CHALLENGE each assumption — "Why do we believe this?"
4. REBUILD from scratch — what solution emerges from fundamentals?

2. Inversion

Think backwards from failure.

1. STATE the goal
2. INVERT — "How could this FAIL spectacularly?"
3. LIST all failure modes
4. FLIP each failure into a prevention strategy

3. Pre-mortem Analysis

Imagine the project already failed. Why?

1. "It's 6 months from now. The project FAILED."
2. Write down WHY it failed (independently, without bias)
3. COLLECT all failure reasons
4. PRIORITIZE by likelihood x impact
5. CREATE mitigation plan for top risks

4. Second-Order Effects

Think beyond immediate consequences.

1. STATE the decision/action
2. FIRST ORDER — What happens immediately?
3. SECOND ORDER — What does that cause?
4. THIRD ORDER — And then what?
5. MAP positive and negative cascades

5. 5 Whys (Root Cause Analysis)

Dig to the real cause.

1. STATE the problem
2. WHY did this happen? -> Answer 1
3. WHY Answer 1? -> Answer 2
4. WHY Answer 2? -> Answer 3
5. WHY Answer 3? -> Answer 4
6. WHY Answer 4? -> ROOT CAUSE
7. FIX the root cause, not the symptoms

Расширенный шаблон + разобранный пример → references/kaizen.md (секция 5 Whys Analysis). Это единственный канон шагов; вторую версию не плодить.

6. Eisenhower Matrix

Prioritize by urgency x importance.

         | URGENT        | NOT URGENT     |
---------|---------------|----------------|
IMPORTANT| DO NOW        | SCHEDULE       |
         | (crisis,      | (planning,     |
         |  deadlines)   |  growth)       |
---------|---------------|----------------|
NOT      | DELEGATE      | ELIMINATE      |
IMPORTANT| (interrupts,  | (time wasters, |
         |  some emails) |  busywork)     |

7. Kaizen / PDCA (Continuous Improvement)

Маленькие инкрементальные улучшения процесса: PLAN → DO → CHECK → ACT; устранение 7 типов waste (muda); Gemba — наблюдай процесс на месте; закрепляй успех стандартизацией. Полное тело (Kaizen Event, Value Stream Mapping, Gemba Walk, A3 Report, Daily Kaizen, метрики) → references/kaizen.md.

How to Use

  1. User describes a problem or decision
  2. Select 1-2 most relevant frameworks
  3. Walk through the framework step by step
  4. Deliver structured analysis with clear conclusions
  5. Optionally save insights via vector_memory

Combination Guide

  • Strategic decisions: First Principles + Second-Order Effects
  • Risk assessment: Pre-mortem + Inversion
  • Debugging: 5 Whys + First Principles
  • Task management: Eisenhower + Second-Order Effects
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