uv workflows pour Python

Maîtrisez uv pour la gestion des dépendances Python, environnements virtuels, scripts PEP 723, gestion de versions Python, CI avec GitHub Actions et Docker.

Spar Skills Guide Bot
DeveloppementIntermédiaire
1022/07/2026
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#uv#python#dependency-management#virtual-environment#ci-cd

Recommandé pour


name: uv description: uv workflows for Python — dependencies, virtualenvs, PEP 723 scripts, Python version management, CI, and Docker. Use when working on Python packaging/deps/tooling, writing GitHub Actions for Python projects, or building Docker images for Python apps.

uv Field Manual

Assumption: uv is installed and on PATH (uv --version to confirm; if missing, halt and report). Version pins below were current 2026-07-05 — verify before relying on them.

Daily workflows

Project ("cargo-style") flow

uv init myproj                     # create pyproject.toml + .venv
cd myproj
uv add ruff pytest httpx           # fast resolver + lock update
uv run pytest -q                   # run tests in project venv
uv lock                            # refresh uv.lock (if needed)
uv sync --locked                   # reproducible install (CI-safe)

Script flow (PEP 723)

uv run hello.py                    # zero-dep script, auto-env
uv add --script hello.py rich      # embeds dep metadata in the script
uv run --with rich hello.py        # transient deps, no state

CLI tools (pipx replacement)

uvx ruff check .                   # ephemeral run
uv tool install ruff               # user-wide persistent install
uv tool list                       # audit installed CLIs
uv tool update --all               # keep them fresh

Python version management

uv python install 3.12 3.13
uv python pin 3.13                 # writes .python-version
uv run --python 3.12 script.py

Legacy pip interface

uv venv .venv
source .venv/bin/activate
uv pip install -r requirements.txt
uv pip sync   -r requirements.txt   # deterministic install

Performance knobs

| Env Var | Purpose | Typical value | | ------------------------- | ----------------------- | ------------- | | UV_CONCURRENT_DOWNLOADS | saturate fat pipes | 16 or 32 | | UV_CONCURRENT_INSTALLS | parallel wheel installs | CPU cores | | UV_OFFLINE | cache-only mode | 1 | | UV_INDEX_URL | internal mirror | https://… | | UV_PYTHON | pin interpreter in CI | 3.13 |

uv cache dir && uv cache size      # show path + size
uv cache clean                     # wipe wheels & sources

CI: GitHub Actions

name: tests
on: [push]
jobs:
  pytest:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - uses: astral-sh/setup-uv@v8.2.0   # immutable releases since v8.0.0 — moving tags like @v8 do NOT exist; pin the full version
      - run: uv python install            # obeys .python-version
      - run: uv sync --locked
      - run: uv run pytest -q

Docker (multistage — the one true recipe)

# Build stage
FROM ghcr.io/astral-sh/uv:python3.13-bookworm-slim AS builder
WORKDIR /app
# Deps first for layer caching; code after
COPY pyproject.toml uv.lock ./
RUN uv sync --frozen --no-cache --no-dev

# Runtime stage
FROM debian:bookworm-slim
COPY --from=ghcr.io/astral-sh/uv:latest /uv /bin/uv
RUN useradd --create-home --shell /bin/bash app
WORKDIR /app
COPY --from=builder /app/.venv /app/.venv
COPY --chown=app:app . .
USER app
ENV PATH="/app/.venv/bin:$PATH"
CMD ["uv", "run", "python", "-m", "myapp"]

Tips: copy pyproject.toml + uv.lock before app code (layer caching); --frozen honors the lockfile exactly; --no-cache keeps the image lean; --no-dev skips dev deps; set PATH so the venv is active.

Migration matrix

| Legacy | Replacement | | -------------------- | ---------------------- | | python -m venv | uv venv | | pip install | uv pip install | | pip-tools compile | uv lock | | pipx run | uvx | | poetry add | uv add | | pyenv install | uv python install |

Troubleshooting

| Symptom | Resolution | | ------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------ | | Python X.Y not found | uv python install X.Y or set UV_PYTHON | | C-extension build errors | unset UV_NO_BUILD_ISOLATION | | Need a fresh env | uv cache clean && rm -rf .venv && uv sync | | Still stuck | RUST_LOG=debug uv ... |

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